Updates...

2008

  • 2nd October: Rhode Island Regiment added to Units table...
  • 18th September: Battle report "Night of the Long Knives" added, plus terrain tips on how to build redoubts/earthworks, and Books section also updated. Also added new reference links..
  • 26th March: Further revamps - despite appearances, my AWI gaming has not stood still since the last update following... J I've changed the Units section to bring it in line with the same way I show that data on the WSS page, added a few links to some battle reports, and also I've launched a new campaign - information below..


2007

  • 4th October: Revamp of the lauout and a freshen up of the content including addition of pictures of the latest unit to join the ranks/project, namely the (British) 35th Regiment of Foot (Parkfield Miniatures) - known as "The Lillies" due to their unique orange facings

Links..

The following are excellent (and if any of them don't work, let me know)!

Game Reports..

~ Night of the long knives.. Follow this link to an account of a particularly bloody battle DG and I played, as part of our current campaign... this was a final throw of the dice kind of game, all forces engaged....

~ "Skirmish at Twogates House": Follow this link for a double header of a game - the initial set up was prompted by the first clash in the recently started campaign - see next bullet - but when this turned out to be slightly shorter than anticipated (!), we used the same terrain to play a much bigger game. A hard slog, but the American's force home an assault and just win...

~ "Expeditionary Force": Last year I started the campaign in Charles Grant's "Programmed Wargames Scenario's" book ( highly recommended b.t.w, whether your a solo gamer or not - click on the link for details..), but somehow lost my way and never got round to finishing it. Rather than waste this effort then, I decided to pick it up where I left it, but when I looked at the campaign diary, and my assorted notes, I was struck with the idea that, really, I'd prefer to start it again, and rather than do it solo, I'd challenge DG. Suffice to say DG has taken the challenge and this link will take you to all the campaign updates/notes etc. as a single chain of posts on my main blog.. start at the bottom and work up to the top. The first notes detail Berthier set-up, logistics, etc..

~ "An Excursion in the Colonies":Link for a report on a recent solo game. On a wet and drizzly bank holiday weekend in the UK I re-fought the final battle from the first visit to Sullivan's Island...

~ "Teaser Re-Fight": A re-fight of one of the Charles Grant Teasers, "Advance Guard" (click here..) for the report...

~ "Sullivan's Island re-visited": - an account of a (very!) enjoyable re-fight of the Sullivan's Island campaign with Tony de Lyall (author of the Berthier Campaign assistant program). Here are the links to the campaign background, set up, and campaign diary...


  • Campaign Background ...historical setting for the campaign, and our first introduction to that legend amongst (fictional) British generals of the American War of Independence - General the Honourable Harcourt Wade-Smith.. J Comprises:

    • ...the basic campaign rules, how I set up Berthier, move rates, winning/losing, etc etc...
    • ...the tactical and strategic (Berthier) maps for the campaign..
    • ...the OOB's for the the opposing sides..

  • Campaign Diary...what actually happened ..


~ "Second Battle of Amboy":...here's a link to the first major engagement in the campaign, complete with pictures..

Figures..

The vast majority of the huge number of figures that John gave me all those years ago were 25mm Minifigs; as a figure I really like them, and have by and large stuck with them for any new figures I've since bought. I guess I'm a little lucky in that the factory is only a 30 minute drive away so I can go and stock up quite easily!

Minifigs are what's known as "true" 25mm so smaller than the 28mm ranges by the likes of Redoubt/Front Rank/Foundry, but they have a really nice look and feel.. slightly old school, less raised relief, not so exagerated or "caricaturish".

Being a wargamer of course there are a couple of exceptions:

  • I have a single regiment of Front Rank - the 23rd Foot (Royal Welsh Fusiliers) brought purely because they looked so good. They are considerably bigger, but they fit OK as a separate regiment....

  • I also have a single regiment from Parkfield Miniatures - another manufacturer who makes a true 25mm figure - I bought these on a whim at Warfare in '06 (I think) but they have just joined the ranks as the 35th (Sussex) regiment of Foot..
Picture comparison soon of the three ranges next to each other..

Armies/Regiments & Units:






SideUnit Name Base No'sUnit TypeArtillery TypeComments/Notes
AmericanGreen Mountain Boys - 1st Battalion1 & 2Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
AmericanGreen Mountain Boys - 2nd Battalion3 & 4Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
AmericanMassachusetts Militia - 1st Battalion5 & 6Militia CON/AMinifigs
American1st Rifle Regiment7 & 8Militia CON/AMinifigs
AmericanNew York Regiment9 & 10Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
American9th Pennsylvania Regiment11 & 12Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
AmericanMassachusetts Militia - 2nd Battalion13 & 14Militia CON/AMinifigs
AmericanMassachusetts Militia - 3rd Battalion15 & 22Militia CON/AMinifigs
American1st Battalion Philadelphia Associators16 & 18Militia CON/AMinifigs
American2nd Battalion Philadelphia Associators17 & 19Militia CON/AMinifigs
American3rd Battalion Philadelphia Associators20 & 21Militia CON/AMinifigs
AmericanMaryland State Marines23Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
AmericanMaryland State Marines24 & 25Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
AmericanRhode Island Artillery26ArtilleryMediumMinifigs
AmericanNew York Artillery27ArtilleryLightMinifigs
AmericanConnecticut Artillery28ArtilleryLightMinifigs
AmericanMassachusetts Militia - 4th Battalion29 & 30Light Infantry OON/AMinifigs
AmericanMilitia49 to 52Light Infantry OON/AMinifigs ...I've just finished sprucing up some figures that I bought last year from one of my fellow "Old School Wargamers"..

..these guys were already painted to what I considered to be a good standard, so to be honest didn't need much doing to them - I touched up the boots, hats, and the faces, maybe some of the rifles. They have had a fresh coat of varnish, though, and new bases - but that was it - I almost feel guilty about putting them into my painting totals so I'm only claiming half points.... J

..the figures are "old" Minifigs - so before the current range that most of my other units are comprised of. If you look carefully, the officer in the unit on the right is one of the "new" designs (a comparative term - not sure how long the range has been with us, but I'm thinking it must be at least 20 or 30 years old now..) He's clearer in the second picture - he's quite "Bunter'ish" in comparison to the slimmer, older, sculpts...

Photobucket

Needless to say I'm chuffed to have them in my armies... these guys are real veterans - history only knows how many battles and skirmishes they've been in up until now, but they are set to continue in my games, fighting as generic militia on the American side..


AmericanRhode Island Regiment53 & 54Rangers OON/AI was long overdue some time at the painting table, so I took myself off on Wednesday night and finished these guys...
These guys have been painted to "represent" the Rhode Island Regiment - I say represent, as I'm a little unsure what these guys would actually have looked like! Sources on the web seem contradictory at best, as do my off-line resources (ie. books!)... in the end I went with the depiction you see in the two paintings below...
The figures are Minifigs 25mm's, bought as part of a group of used figures from one of my fellow Old Schooler's (thanks Jim!), and originally painted as, I think, light infantry from one of the New York regiments. Happily I didn't have to strip them, I just re-undercoated in black, and painted as if they were new.

Caveats - before anyone thinks to let me know:

1/. It is far from certain (in my mind) that the whole regiment would have worn the cap - a couple of sources show the regiment in tricorn.... may be only the light company wore them? I went with the caps based on the other sources... :o)

2/. the caps as depicted are not right for the Rhode Island regiment. The cap the Rhode Island guys are shown wearing is pretty unique (see picture to the left), these Minifigs are wearing the standard light infantry cap painted to a rough approximation...

3/. I can't paint anchors that small, so they're absent from the hats...!

Some history then for what was a very unique regiment in the American service. The 1st Rhode Island (there were eventually two) was formed as a result of a decree by the revolutionary Rhode Island Assembly on 6 May 1775. The regiments first colonel was Colonel James Mitchell Varnum, and they were known "Varnum's Regiment" - the regiment consisted of eight companies.
Shortly after the Yorktown campaign, a young French sub-lieutenant named Jean-Baptiste-Antoine DeVerger sketched a watercolour image of four foot-soldiers in his notebook. The guy on the right is from the Rhode Island regiment...

Timetable:

~ From June 1775: took part in the siege of Boston.
~ 14 June 1775: adopted into the Continental Army
~ 28 June 1775: reorganized into ten companies.
~ 28 July 1775: assigned to General Nathanael Greene's Brigade in General George Washington's Main Army.
~ 1 January 1776: as part of the Continental army re-organisation, Varnum's Regiment was reorganized with eight companies and re-designated as the 9th Continental Regiment.
~ 1776: took part in the disastrous 1776 campaign, retreating from New York with the Main Army.
~ 1 January 1777: as part of another Continental army re-organisation, the 9th Continental Regiment was re-designated as the 1st Rhode Island Regiment (at the same time Varnum was promoted brigadier general; his successor being Colonel Christopher Greene)
From http://ancientgreece-earlyamerica.com/the_first_rhode_island.htm
~ 22 October 1777: regiment successfully defended Fort Mercer at the Battle of Red Bank against an assault by 2,000 Hessians.
~ 14 February 1778: having difficulties in meeting the recruiting requirements of the Continental Congress, and after a suggestion made by Varnum to Washington, the Rhode Island Assembly voted to allow the enlistment of "every able-bodied negro, mulatto, or Indian man slave" that chose to do so, and that "every slave so enlisting shall, upon his passing muster before Colonel Christopher Greene, be immediately discharged from the service of his master or mistress, and be absolutely free....". Owners would be paid for any slaves that joined.. 88 slaves enlisted in the regiment over the next four months, as well as some free blacks. The regiment eventually totalled about 225 men of which approximately just over half were African Americans. The enlistment of slaves had been controversial, and after June 1778, no more non-whites were enlisted.
~ August 1778: the regiment fought in the Battle of Rhode Island.

Like most of the Main Army, the regiment saw little action over the next few years, since the focus of the war had shifted to the south.
~ 1 January 1781: the regiment was consolidated with the 2nd Rhode Island Regiment and re-designated as the Rhode Island Regiment. It took part in the siege of Yorktown where the light company served with Lafayette. Greene and several of his black soldiers were killed in a skirmish with Loyalists earlier in the year, my records indicate that the regiment was then commanded by Lt. Col. Jeremiah Olney, and comprised 298 officers and men.
~ 1 March 1783: the regiment was re-designated as the Rhode Island Battalion, and was reorganized into six companies
~ 16 June 1783: reduced to two companies.
~ 25 December 1783: regiment disbanded at Saratoga, New York.

I think we probably should leave the final words to Rochambeau (the commander of the French troops under Washington):

"I had a chance to see the American army, man for man. It was really painful to see these brave men, almost naked with only some trousers and little linen jackets, most of them without stockings, but would you believe it? Very cheerful and healthy in appearance. A quarter of them were negroes, merry, confident, and sturdy. … Three quarters of the Rhode Island regiment consists of negroes, and that regiment is the most neatly dressed, the best under arms, and the most precise in its maneuvres (sic)."

Not a bad regiment to have in my American forces... even if they might perhaps have the wrong hat!
BritishRogers Rangers - 1st Battalion1A & 1BRangers OON/AMinifigs
BritishRogers Rangers - 2nd Battalion2A & 2BRangers OON/AMinifigs
HessianBrunswick Jaegers3 & 4Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
HessianBrunswick Jaegers5 & 6Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
HessianBrunswick Jaegers7Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
HessianBrunswick Battalion von Barner8 & 9Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
HessianBrunswick Battalion von Barner10Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
HessianInfantry regiment Erbprinz11 & 12Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
HessianRegiment Prinz Ludwig - 1st Battalion13 & 14Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
HessianRegiment Prinz Ludwig - 2nd Battalion15 & 16Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
HessianRegiment Prinz Ludwig - 3rd Battalion17 & 18Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
HessianRegiment Prinz Ludwig - 4th Battalion19 & 20Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
BritishRoyal Irish Regiment32 & 33Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
British24th Light Infantry30 & 31Light Infantry OON/AMinifigs
BritishNew York Loyalist Artillery21ArtilleryMediumMinifigs
BritishNew York Loyalist Artillery22ArtilleryLightMinifigs
BritishNew York Loyalist Artillery23ArtilleryLightMinifigs
British16th Light Dragoons24 & 25CavalryN/AMinifigs
British16th Light Dragoons26 & 27CavalryN/AMinifigs
British16th Light Dragoons28 & 29CavalryN/AMinifigs
BritishMohawks1 & 2Indian OON/AMinifigs
BritishMohawks3 & 4Indian OON/AMinifigs
BritishMohawks5 & 6Indian OON/AMinifigs
BritishMohawks7 & 8Indian OON/AMinifigs
FrenchBourbonnais Regiment (1st. Batt.)31 & 32Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
AmericanMilitia33 & 34Militia CON/AMinifigs
AmericanMilitia35 & 36Militia CON/AMinifigs
British33rd Foot34 & 35Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
British17th Foot36 & 37Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
American4th Dragoons37 & 38CavalryN/AMinifigs
American1st New York39 & 40Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
American2nd New York41 & 42Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
British23rd Foot (Royal Welsh Fusileers)38 & 39Line Infantry CON/AFront Rank
FrenchLauzun's Legion Hussars43 & 44CavalryN/AMinifigs
British71st (Frasers) Foot40 & 41Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
FrenchBourbonnais Regiment (2nd. Batt.)45 & 46Line Infantry CON/AMinifigs
FrenchSaintonge Regiment47 & 48Line Infantry CON/AFrench "Regiment Saintonge" - these are Minifigs 25mm - (you can click on the pictures for a bigger view):
HessianGrenadier Von Donop42 & 43Line Infantry CON/A1st IR von Donop - a Hessian regiment destined for the American colonies as part of the British contingent in the War of Independence. I may paint a second unit of this regiment (dependant on their actual strength), but in tricorn, as my reading indicates that only a part of the regiment would have worn the brass mitre, most would have worn the normal headgear...Once again, these are Minifigs
British35th Foot (Royal Sussex Regiment)44 & 45Line Infantry CON/AThe figures are Parkfield Miniatures, the flag is from the Warflag site (I used one of the generic regimental flags with the colour changes to reflect the regiments unique orange facings)... they were "difficult", or rather not easy, to paint but having finished the basing and the standard I'm quite pleased with how they turned out...

Rules..

Terrain...

I'll add some pictures soon/eventually - but briefly:
  • I use the two foot TSS (click here for site) terrain boards
  • I also use their hills...
  • Most of my buildings are by Hovels (click here for site) - specifically I have the farm and barn which are items 23AC and 3AC respectively from their ACW 25mm range..
  • I have bridge/walls which are 30+ years old (!) and are by Bellona...
  • tree's are K&M..
  • then I use assorted bits and pieces of carpet tile to break up the billiard table effect of the boards. These were gleaned from all over - including some I got from a man at the rubbish tip, and some I got from a bin at work!
  • I also have some split rail fences which were scratch built by myself..


Redoubts/Earthworks
Having been endlessly impressed by the terrain building I see elsewhere on the web (and also in the new series in "Battlegames"), when the time came to find some earthworks for the next AWI game, rather than go and buy them I decided to build my own...

In "Battlegames" the author recommends the use of flower arrangers foam (the material that flower arrangers poke the stems into), but as I'd already spotted something else that I thought would do the trick, I went with my first choice. Anyway without further ado - here's how mine came to see the light of day...

Materials:

I'd been wandering round the local DIY superstore and I'd spotted some quarter round dowel (the stuff they use for beading, picture frames, etc.) in various sizes - I bought two lengths (they're about a metre long), one of about 20mm radius, and the other slightly smaller... I used the 20mm radius for this project as my figures are 25mm. Other materials used were some Starbucks wooden coffee stirrers (never let it be said that there isn't something you can use for wargaming in almost any environment!), standard wood glue, some plastic card, some matches, a scoop of gritty sand off the local beach, and also PVA glue.

I started by cutting some of the dowel with an angled edge to make the redoubts - dowel is tough stuff, I used an electric saw, but if I was to do this again then the flower arrangers foam would be the better choice...

In order to get the traditional shape the angle of the cut needs to be greater than 45'(otherwise you end up with a right angle on each corner!); being an artist rather than a scientist (who would have sensibly made a template) I did mine by eye as I wanted something that looked like it had been built in a reasonable hurry...

The bases for my figures are 5cm square, so I made sure that the front of the redoubt was slightly bigger than this, the sides were about 3 - 4cm's. I also cut off a number of straights of 10cm or 5cm's to use as trench sections.

Once they were cut, I put a good gloop of wood glue on the bottom and stuck them down to some bases made from plastic card, these were big enough for an overlap all round the model. When doing this, press the dowel down so that the back edge of the dowel goes down first, pushing excess glue towards the outer face of the trench. For the redoubt you can also put a good gloop on the join between the front and sides. Don't worry about drips you're aiming to have a nice overflow on the front edge of the trench/redoubt.... while it's still wet, sprinkle the gritty/sand mix all over them. You can see what I mean here - notice how the sand "gathers" on the glue at the bottom of the trench face...


Put them to one side to dry....

Once they were dry, I then cut the stirrers to make planks for the base of the redoubts, I also cut match lengths to act as reinforcements for the uprights.

For the stirrers/planks I again used plenty of glue, and sprinkled more sand. Once I'd finished I put them aside again to dry - they were looking like this at this stage:


Once they were fully dry, I then gave them a thinner coat of PVA glue on what would be the outer face of the trench, and the ends, and dipped them into the sand again - I was looking for texture now:


Once they'd had time to dry I gave them a light brush to get rid of the looser sand before I then gave them a really good coat of black primer as preparation for painting. This is them:
...and this is them with some figures for scale....



With the pieces all well and truly dry following the black primer under coating, I checked out the paint box to see what options I had.... in my mind I saw the pieces as predominantly brown (ie. soil), but I wanted a slight differentiation for the planking, and certainly for the redoubts the bases were big enough that there would also be undisturbed grassy area's...

For the brown's then I used these:
The little one is "Earth brown" and is by a company called Miniature Paints - I think I may have picked it up at the Redoubt show a couple of years ago - not brilliant coverage/opacity, but it is the right colour for the job!

The three bigger bottles I picked up at Hobbycraft a few months ago on the grounds that "they might be useful"...again, not brilliant opacity as they're quite cheap, but they do the job.

Painting was pretty simple - because the pieces were black undercoated, and the opacity for the "earth brown" is not the best, I started off with a fairly medium dry brush of the "Sandstone" over the entire model to give it a light key to put later layers of colour on.

Once that was done I then used the "Soft Suede" (is 'hard suede' a different colour do you think?!) on all the wood sections of the model. I did the wooden bits first as any over brush from later stages would then just look like the planks were muddy, rather than providing evidence that my painting skills are not the best!

Next step was the heavy dry brush of the "earth brown" over all the earth parts, followed by Games Workshop "Dark Angels Green" for all the grass area's (I painted this rather than dry brushed)..

For all the dry brushing by the way, I use a half inch flat head brush that I picked up at Hobbycraft at the same time I picked the paints up. It's a nice brush for dry brushing - not too soft, or too stiff...

To all intents and purposes, by this stage I was almost done - looking at the models though, I decided to give a very light dry brush of the 'tan' over everything (just to highlight basically), and because the planking still looked a bit too clean I gave all the woodwork a wash of "Windsor and Newton" Peat ink.....

Once that was all done they looked as follows:

The last job was to apply PVA and flock to the grass area's, plus the usual small stones and Woodland Scenic shrub material. For the flock stage I also spotted some PVA on to the trench front for a little extra colour... and this is them done - just in time for the game tonight!


Overall I'm very pleased with them - reasonably quick and easy to make, and I especially liked the effect you get with the sand on glue. Gives a very nice rough texture which is ideal for dry brushing...

Books..


  • The starting point for the entire project was a single reference source that I first read when I was an embarrasingly young gamer, and painting up Airfix figures for various regiments in the war - some years later I finally managed to get my own copy of "Uniforms of the American Revolution in Color" by John Mollo and Malcolm McGregor. I think that general opionion is that this is not as accurate as more modern research would have us understand, but I swear by it, and of all the books I have this is the one I'd recommend first... :o))
  • Ospreys - I have a number, all of them excellent:
    • The French Army in the American War of Independence (Men-at-arms) by Rene Chartrand and Francis Back
    • The British Army in North America, 1775-83 (Men-at-arms) by Robin May
    • General Washington's Army: 1775-78 Vol 1 (Men-at-arms) by Marko Zlatich and Peter F. Copeland
    • General Washington's Army: 1779-83 v. 2 (Men-at-arms) by Marko Zlatich and William Younghusband
    • Continental Infantryman of the American War of Independence (Warrior) by John Milsop
    • Yorktown, 1781 (Osprey Military Campaign) by Brendan Morrissey and Adam Hook
    • Saratoga, 1777: Turning Point of a Revolution (Osprey Military Campaign) by Brendan Morrissey and Adam Hook
    • Boston, 1775: The Shot Heard Around the World (Osprey Military Campaign) by Brendan Morrissey
    • Quebec 1775: The American Invasion of Canada (Osprey Campaign) by Brendan Morrissey and Adam Hook

  • Encyclopedia of the American Revolution by Mark M. Boatner (browsed only, and bought on the recommendation of "Fire-at-Will" see blog links...) I'll give a fuller review when I have a chance to read it..

  • ..for Christmas I got a pile of books, one of which was "Rabble in Arms" by Kenneth Roberts.

    I'm always on the lookout for good readable fiction to provide colour and background to the wars I re-fight on my wargame table, and I seem to remember that this one was amongst a number of books set in the American War of Independence that had been recommended..

    I'm pleased to say that having just finished it, I would definitely agree with those far off recommendations.

    The book is set against the Saratoga campaign and Burgoyne's invasion from Canada and is it is chock full of background. The book is told from the first person perspective by Peter Merrill a ship captain and seaman from New England and tells of the events that he experiences while serving as one of Bendict Arnolds scouts, including capture by the British, imprisonment with the Indians, and eventually escaping...

    This was the first book that I have read that has gone into a lot of the background into why the fledgling American army was in such bad condition, the bickering and politicking of congress, the policy of paying militia bounties rather than focusing on the Continental/regulars, etc. Although it's a novel, Robertson is scathing on the activities of congress, and their ineptness in those early years of pursuing the war - all very informative, but more importantly quite readable.. He is also very good on the career of Arnold, his undoubted qualities, bravery, and how poorer performing men were consistently promoted above the American generals who actually won the battles (Schuyler, Arnold, Morgan and others)

    On the wargaming front, there is the action on Lake Champlain (where Arnold's rapidly built fleet took on, but ultimately failed to stop the more powerful British fleet from moving south), Freeman's Farm, and Bemis Heights...

    It's a big book, 600 odd pages, and it's also a very "gentle" read - Tom Clancy this is not. Once you get into the flow of it though, it's very difficult to put down. The book is the second of a trilogy, and on the basis of this book I shall be seeking out the other two!
  • ...more to be added over time... :o)


My AWI Library: